[QEMU][RaspberryPi] RPI 3B+ Emulation (arm64)

목적

• QEMU를 이용해서 Raspberry Pi 3B+ 가상화
• Host : Ubuntu v22.10 (x86_64)
• Target : Raspberry Pi 3B+ (arm64)

 

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QEMU Source Code 다운로드

 

현 시점 우분투 패키지에서 배포되고 있는 QEMU v7.0은 최신 Raspberry Pi Kernel의 Fram Buffer와 호환성이 맞지 않기 때문에, Soruce Code 다운로드 하여 v7.2로 직접 빌드한다.

git clone https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu.git
cd qemu/
git tag | grep 7.2
git checkout v7.2.0-rc4
cd ..

 

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QEMU Build

 

Build Dependency 설치

sudo apt-get build-dep qemu
sudo apt install libglib2.0-dev libfdt-dev libpixman-1-dev zlib1g-dev libgtk-3-dev libslirp-dev ninja-build

 

Configraion 및 Build

mkdir qemu_build
cd qemu_build/
../qemu/configure --target-list=aarch64-softmmu --enable-slirp
make -j$(nproc)
cd ..

• Configration 의미
  •  --target-list=aarch64-softmmu
    • ARM64 Target 지원 QEMU
  • --enable-slirp
    • network backend 지원

 

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Raspberry Pi 3B+ (ARM64) Image 다운로드

 

wget https://downloads.raspberrypi.org/raspios_arm64/images/raspios_arm64-2023-02-22/2023-02-21-raspios-bullseye-arm64.img.xz
unxz -v 2023-02-21-raspios-bullseye-arm64.img.xz

 

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Boot Image에 Default User정보 추가

 

Default User 정보가 없을 경우, Login 불가능 "Error : Login incorrect" 발생

An update to Raspberry Pi OS Bullseye - Raspberry Pi

 

Boot Partition Offset 확인

fdisk -l 2023-02-21-raspios-bullseye-arm64.img

Boot Partition Mount (Loop Device)

• sudo 권한 및 root 계정으로 진행
• offset option 필요

cp -vi 2023-02-21-raspios-bullseye-arm64.img  rasbian.img
mkdir boot_rasbian
sudo mount -v -o loop,offset=4194304 rasbian.img boot_rasbian/

 

encrypted password 확인

echo 'raspberry' | openssl passwd -6 -stdin

• 출력되는 문자열 = encrpyted password

 

Default 계정 정보를 boot partion의 userconf에 저장

cd boot_rasbian/
echo 'pi:$6$bbMg4qe1Qs7NW7JH$jraMwTJKx2WH8qF1FsUnzGYyDOsciIpvSRLq6nL6r9eXNgXEyIGFXlYbLWpxtpPmI./K0ZfR8CA8w3tA3WAGq/' > userconf
cd ..

• Default User
  • ID : pi
  • Password : raspberry

 

unmount 수행

sudo umount boot_rasbian
rm -rvf boot_rasbian

 

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Image Size 및 Format 변경

qemu-img resize rasbian.img 8G
qemu-img convert -f raw -O qcow2 rasbian.img rasbian.qcow2

 

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Kernel Source Code 다운로드 및 Build

 

release 서버에서 Kernel Version 정보 확인

https://downloads.raspberrypi.org/raspios_arm64/images/raspios_arm64-2023-02-22

 

Download 및 Build

mkdir Kernel
cd Kernel

git clone https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux.git
git reset --hard 355bbe0f8114dcedd8ef5d9989a5c0f07301db9e

cd linux
make ARCH=arm64 O=../out CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- bcmrpi3_defconfig
make ARCH=arm64 O=../out -j$(nproc) CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu-
cd ../..

 

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QEMU 실행

 

# run_qemu.sh

qemu_build/qemu-system-aarch64 \
        -machine raspi3b \
        -sd rasbian.qcow2 \
        -serial stdio \
        -kernel Kernel/out/arch/arm64/boot/Image.gz \
        -dtb Kernel/out/arch/arm64/boot/dts/broadcom/bcm2710-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb \
        -append "rw earlyprintk loglevel=8 console=ttyAMA0,115200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootdelay=1 rootwaiti modules-load=dwc2,g_ether" \
        -usb -device usb-mouse -device usb-kbd \
        -device usb-net,netdev=net0 \
        -netdev user,id=net0,hostfwd=tcp::5555-:22

• Option : -netdev user,id=net0,hostfwd=tcp::5555-:22
  • Host OS에서 5555 Port를 통해서 ssh 접근 가능

 

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실행 결과

 

 

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Version 정보

 

QEMU : v7.2

RPI Kernel : 5.15.84-v7+

 

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참고 및 출처

 

https://blog.csdn.net/qq502233945/article/details/128374465
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/71860163/cant-guess-default-raspberry-password
https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/raspberry-pi-bullseye-update-april-2022/
https://azeria-labs.com/emulate-raspberry-pi-with-qemu/
https://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/138548/unable-to-login-in-qemu-raspberry-pi-3b

 

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